Induction motors are electric motors that use alternating current (AC), propelled by a magnetic field that rotates. They are made up of a rotor, a stator and coils that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy using electromagnetic induction. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an AC electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor.
The magnet fields induced within the rotor are attracted to the magnetic field being produced by the stator, following it as it rotates with each half-cycle of alternating current. This type of motor is called an induction motor because the magnetic field created in the stator induces a magnetic field in the rotor. A 3-phase induction motor is an electromechanical energy conversion device which converts 3-phase input electrical power into output mechanical power. A 3-phase induction motor consists of a stator and a rotor.
The asynchronous nature of induction motors creates slip—the difference between the rotating speed of the shaft and the speed of the motor’s magnetic field—which allows for increased torque. These motors are powered at the stator, while the rotor induces current—hence the name “induction” motor. An electric motor (dc motor) works on the principle that when an electric current is passed through a conductor placed normally in a magnetic field, a force acts on the conductor as a result of which the conductor begins to move and mechanical energy is obtained.
